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Low Physical Activity Level and Short Sleep Duration Are Associated with an Increased Cardio-Metabolic Risk Profile: A Longitudinal Study in 8-11 Year Old Danish Children

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Abstract

Background: As cardio-metabolic risk tracks from childhood to adulthood, a better understanding of the relationship between movement behaviors (physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep) and cardio-metabolic risk in childhood may aid in preventing metabolic syndrome (MetS) in adulthood. Objective: To examine independent and combined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between movement behaviors and the MetS score in 8-11 year old Danish children. Design: Physical activity, sedentary time and sleep duration (seven days and eight nights) were assessed by accelerometer and fat mass index (fat mass/height(2)) was assessed using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The MetS-score was based on z-scores of waist circumference, mean arterial blood pressure, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein cholesterol. All measurements were taken at three time points separated by 100 days. Average of the three measurements was used as habitual behavior in the cross-sectional analysis and changes from first to third measurement was used in the longitudinal analysis. Results: 723 children were included. In the cross-sectional analysis, physical activity was negatively associated with the MetS-score (P

adiposity level habitual behavior mean arterial blood pressure movement behavior physical activity level sedentary behavior short sleep duration sleep duration waist circumference cardiometabolic disease heart disease metabolic disease etiology Primates Mammalia Vertebrata Chordata Animalia (Animals Chordates Humans Mammals Primates Vertebrates) - Hominidae [86215] human common child preadolescent child Danish high-density lipoprotein cholesterol triglycerides 05500 Social biology and human ecology 07002 Behavioral biology - General and comparative behavior 07004 Behavioral biology - Human behavior 10066 Biochemistry studies - Lipids 10067 Biochemistry studies - Sterols and steroids 13002 Metabolism - General metabolism and metabolic pathways 13020 Metabolism - Metabolic disorders 14506 Cardiovascular system - Heart pathology 25000 Pediatrics 37001 Public health - General and miscellaneous Human Medicine Medical Sciences accelerometer laboratory equipment dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry laboratory techniques spectrum analysis techniques fat mass index clinical techniques diagnostic techniques homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance clinical techniques diagnostic techniques metabolic syndrome score MetS score clinical techniques diagnostic techniques Behavior Cardiovascular Medicine Metabolism Pediatrics Population Studies MULTIDISCIPLINARY POPULATION-BASED SAMPLE SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR INSULIN-RESISTANCE OBESE CHILDREN CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS INTERNATIONAL SURVEY QUEBEC CHILDREN BLOOD-PRESSURE LIPID PROFILE ADOLESCENTS