Research

Towards Design and Development of a BIM-based 3D Property Formation Process

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Abstract

With the increased interest and demand for 3D property, 3D property formation has shown increased significance. It is important to provide efficient, clear and unambiguous methods to form 3D property units, as well as register 3D property RRRs (rights, restrictions and responsibilities). The 3D property formation process should facilitate solutions to complicated problems within building projects (for example space above and below the ground) and provide secure and lasting rights in complex situations. Therefore, 3D property formation could use the same processes as for the formation of other property units, but adding specific rules and standards concerning the use of 3D models. Building Information Modelling (BIM) contains rich details of building characteristics such as structures, elements, spaces, schedules, etc. that can form the physical models of the 3D cadastre. The 3D property formation process requires that BIM data are exchanged between actors. To model this exchange, we utilize an open BIM process standard Information Delivery Manual (IDM). IDM helps to clarify the detailed property formation process, facilitates actors’ communication, harmonizes different product data models delivered and stored, identifies the results of that activity, as well as improves the management more efficiently and collaboratively. Level of Information Need (LOIN) is a framework that defines the extent and granularity of information, in order to prevent delivery of too much information. The LOIN specifies the granularity of information exchanged in terms of geometrical information, alphanumerical information and documentation, which should be used to specify the information delivery between actors. In this paper, we use LOIN as a basis to specify information requirements according to the 3D property formation purposes, and design a developed process of the Swedish 3D property formation in IDM. In the study, LOIN fulfills the requirements of forming 3D cadastral property in BIM models and harmonizes all involved actors in the whole process in IDM with a more common and standardized approach. The proposed methodology aims to facilitate a standardized and unambiguous digital 3D property formation process on a national level in order to improve and enhance the digital Swedish Cadastral and Land Administration Systems.